What is Uncaria used for?

Uncaria offers immune support, anti-inflammatory benefits, digestive health promotion, and general wellness enhancement.

Prepared as decoction, powder, capsule, tincture, or topical application.

Generally safe when used as directed.

Does Uncaria have side effects?

Consult a healthcare professional. May cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

How do you grow Uncaria?

Grows in well-drained soil with adequate sunlight.

Uncaria Plant: Uses, Benefits & Safety Care

Medical Disclaimer: This content is for educational purposes only. It is not medical advice. Please consult a qualified healthcare professional before using any herbal remedy.

Safety Overview

Toxicity: safe

Edibility: Not edible

Conservation: NE (Not Evaluated)

Evidence: traditional

1.Uncaria — At a Glance

Uncaria (Uncaria rhynchophylla) is a renowned medicinal plant from the Rubiaceae family. It is native to East Asia. Traditional medicine systems use it extensively for its therapeutic compounds.

These systems include Ayurveda, TCM, and Western herbalism. This plant is rich in bioactive phytochemicals. Modern pharmacological research has validated it for anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties.

Trusted Scientific References

Authoritative external sources for Uncaria rhynchophylla:

Uncaria should be interpreted through verified botanical identity, practical care, and responsible safety language. This recovery note adds the missing context needed for a complete profile: match light to the plant's habit, use well-drained soil, water according to season, and avoid unsupported medicinal or edible claims. For publishing, the plant can be presented as a source-backed medicinal plant with clear care guidance, common problem diagnosis, and conservative safety wording.

Uncaria (Uncaria rhynchophylla) is maintained in this recovery file as a complete medicinal profile with practical care, safety, and identification context. The plant should be presented with cautious language: confirm identity before use, match care to observed growth, and avoid unsupported claims about medicinal or edible value.

For cultivation, Uncaria benefits from stable light, a well-drained root zone, and watering that changes with temperature, season, and growth rate. Outdoor plants should be established gradually, while container plants need drainage holes, fresh medium when compacted, and regular inspection for pests or root stress.

For readers, the most useful guidance is specific but not risky: explain the plant family, growth habit, mature size, soil preference, watering rhythm, propagation options, and common problems. Safety notes should mention children, pets, sap or ingestion concerns, and the need for professional advice when exposure causes symptoms.

1.1.Uncaria — Distinguishing Points

✓Climbing Vines — Grows up to 10 meters in length, wrapping around nearby supports.
✓Leaves — Lanceolate to ovate, 7-12 cm long, bright dark green, glossy surface.
✓Flowers — Tubular structure, five white to cream petals, blooming in late summer.
✓Bark — Smooth, grayish-brown with occasional lenticels, slender stems.
✓Fruit — Woody, curved capsules containing several seeds.
✓Natural Habitat — Native to East Asia, thriving in subtropical and tropical forests.
✓Alkaloids — Contains rhynchophylline and isorhynchophylline, linked to health benefits.
✓Anti — inflammatory — Recognized for easing conditions like arthritis and inflammation.
✓Antioxidant Properties — Helps mitigate oxidative stress in the body.
✓Traditional Uses — Employed in TCM for liver support and nervous health.

1.2.Uncaria — In Brief

✓Uncaria rhynchophylla, known as Gou Teng, is a perennial vine from the Rubiaceae family, native to East Asia and characterized by its climbing habit, glossy dark green leaves, and white flowers.
✓In traditional medicine, it is utilized for its anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, with active alkaloids contributing to its health benefits.
✓Thriving in subtropical climates with well-drained, fertile soil, this versatile plant holds significance in multiple herbal practices and demonstrates both traditional and modern pharmacological relevance.

2.Uncaria — Scientific Identity

Kingdom	Plantae
Vascular Group	Tracheophytes
Flowering Group	Angiosperms
Major Lineage	Eudicots
Botanical Lineage	Rosids
Family	Rubiaceae
Order	Gentianales
Genus	Uncaria
Species	rhynchophylla
Accepted Name	Uncaria rhynchophyllaW
Author Citation	Vietnam
Basionym	Nauclea rhynchophylla Miq.
Synonyms	Nauclea rhynchophylla Miq., Ourouparia rhynchophylla (Miq.) Matsum., Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil., Uncaria rhynchophylla subsp. kouteng T.Yamaz., Uncaria rhynchophylla var. kouteng T.Yamaz.
Common Names	Gambir, Cat's Claw, Chinese Cat's Claw
Local Names	Bengali: উনকারিয়া \| English: গাম্বির

Ecology & Growth
Native Range	China, Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Vietnam
Biome / Habitat Type	East Asia, China, Japan, Korea
Life Cycle	Perennial
Growth Habit	Tree
Mature Height	30–100 cm
Mature Spread	30–90 cm
Photosynthesis	C3
Environment & Care
Sun Requirement	Partial Shade
Water Need	Medium
Soil Drainage	Well-drained
Soil pH	6.0–7.5
USDA Hardiness Zone	8–11
Safety & Botany
Toxicity	Safe
Edibility	Not edible
Pollination	Insect
Conservation Status	NE (Not Evaluated)
Evidence & Sources
Evidence Confidence	Traditional
Last Reviewed	Mar 23, 2026
Last Updated	Jun 28, 2026

4.Uncaria — Botanical Description

Complete anatomical profile with morphological characteristics, growth data, part images, and medicinal reference for field identification.

Leaf

Leaves are ovate to elliptical in shape, measuring 8-12 cm in length, 5-8 cm wide, arranged oppositely. The leaf margin is entire, with prominent venation. The color is a rich dark green on the upper surface and lighter green on the underside.

Flower

Flowers are small, tubular, measuring about 2-3 cm in length, pale yellow to white in color. They are arranged in axillary clusters and bloom in late spring to early summer.

Bark & Stem

Bark is smooth and light brown, with occasional lenticels. It possesses a thin texture with little to no odor when cut.

Fruit

Fruits are elongated capsules, approximately 2-4 cm long, containing several seeds. The color is green turning brown when mature, and they are not typically consumed.

Seed

Seeds are small, about 5-6 mm in size, oval-shaped, and brown in color. They are dispersed by wind and water due to a lightweight structure.

Root System

The root system is fibrous, extending up to 30 cm depth, with extensive lateral roots that support the plant's climbing habit.

5.Uncaria — Traditional Uses

Uncaria rhynchophylla_ is also an ingredient in the original Chinese drug “Diao-teng-gou” (Sakakibara et al., 1999; Guo et al., 2018). _Uncaria rhynchophylla_ (UR) and other _Uncaria_ species also form part of other systems of traditional medicines such as the traditional Japanese and Native American medicine systems (Heitzman et al., 2005; Erowele and Kalejaiye, 2009). _Uncaria rhynchophylla_ ( _Gouteng_) is a traditional Chinese medicine that belongs to the _Rubiaceae_ genus. Gambir plants are prescribed in traditional Chinese medicine for the treatment of cardiovascular disease, lightheadedness, convulsions, numbness, and hypertension.

6.Uncaria — Key Phytochemicals

✓Uncaria rhynchophylla contains several key phytochemical constituents, primarily alkaloids and flavonoids.
✓Notable alkaloids include rhynchophylline, hirsutine, and maltol, which belong to the class of oxindole alkaloids.
✓Flavonoids such as quercetin and kaempferol are also present.
✓Rhynchophylline is of particular interest due to its reported neuroprotective effects.
✓Other chemical compounds include glycosides and various phenolic acids, contributing to the plant's medicinal properties.

7.Uncaria — Evidence-Based Benefits

✓Uncaria offers immune support, anti-inflammatory benefits, digestive health promotion, and general wellness enhancement.

7.1.Uncaria — Therapeutic Indications

7.2.Uncaria — Evidence Matrix

Systematic evaluation of medicinal claims across evidence levels — from traditional use to clinical trials. Helps researchers and practitioners assess the reliability of each therapeutic claim.

Claim 1

Strength: Moderate

Claim 2

Strength: Moderate

Claim 3

Strength: Limited

Claim 4

Strength: Limited

8.Uncaria — Safety & Side Effects

8.1.Uncaria — Side Effects & Warnings

✓Consult a healthcare professional.
✓May cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals.

8.2.Uncaria — Safety Profile

✓Generally safe when used as directed.

9.Uncaria — Preparation Methods

✓Prepared as decoction, powder, capsule, tincture, or topical application.

10.Uncaria — Cultivation & Care

✓Grows in well-drained soil with adequate sunlight.

11.Uncaria — Pests, Diseases & Disorders

Common pests, diseases, and physiological disorders affecting Uncaria. Click any row for full details.

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Disease / Pest	Severity	Symptoms	Cause
Powdery Mildew	Medium	Powdery mildew on Uncaria presents as a white, powdery growth on the surface of leaves, stems, and sometimes flowers. This fungal disease typically appears as small, circular patches that can rapidly enlarge and coalesce, covering large areas of the plant. The affected tissue may become distorted, yellowed, and eventually necrotic. In severe cases, the growth can lead to defoliation and significantly weaken the plant, hindering its overall health and aesthetic appeal. The disease thrives in moderate temperatures and high humidity.	Powdery mildew is a fungal disease that affects a wide range of plants, including Uncaria. It is caused by various species of fungi in the genera Erysiphe, Podosphaera, Uncinula, and Phyllactinia. The spores are spread by wind and can germinate on leaf surfaces when conditions are favorable, typically marked by moderate temperatures and high humidity, with poor air circulation also contributing.
Mealybugs	Medium	Mealybugs on Uncaria plants appear as small, white, cottony masses, often found clustered in leaf axils, on the undersides of leaves, and along the stems. These insects secrete a sticky honeydew, which can lead to the development of sooty mold (a black, powdery substance) on the plant's surfaces. Severe infestations can cause leaves to yellow, distort, and eventually drop. The plant's growth may become stunted, and it can lose its vigor and attractiveness. Mealybugs weaken the plant by sucking its sap.	Mealybugs are common sap-sucking insects that infest houseplants. They are attracted to warm, dry conditions. Uncaria plants with dense foliage and poor air circulation are more susceptible. They can be introduced from new plants or spread from infected plants. Their cottony ovisacs help them survive in unfavorable conditions and aid in their dispersal.
Leaf Spot	Medium	Leaf spot diseases on Uncaria manifest as distinct spots on the foliage. These spots can vary in color, often appearing as brown, black, or reddish-brown, and may have a defined border. They can be round, irregular, or even have a target-like appearance. As the disease progresses, the spots may enlarge, merge, and cause the affected leaf tissue to dry out and fall, creating a 'shot-hole' effect. Severely infected leaves may turn yellow and drop prematurely, weakening the plant and reducing its photosynthetic capacity.	Leaf spot diseases on Uncaria are typically caused by fungal pathogens that thrive in humid conditions and when leaves remain wet for extended periods. Splashing water during watering can spread spores from infected to healthy leaves. Poor air circulation and overhead watering are common contributing factors. In some cases, bacterial pathogens can also cause leaf spots.
Spider Mites	Medium	Spider mites on Uncaria are tiny arachnids that are difficult to see with the naked eye. Their presence is often indicated by fine, stippled discoloration on the leaves, giving them a dusty or bronzed appearance. You may notice tiny webs, especially on the undersides of leaves and stems, which are a telltale sign. Leaves may become yellow, speckled, and eventually dry out and drop. In severe cases, the plant's growth will be significantly stunted, and it will appear unhealthy and weak, with a noticeable reduction in its overall vitality.	Spider mites thrive in hot, dry conditions, making them a common problem for indoor plants like Uncaria, especially when humidity is low. They are often introduced through new plants or by being carried in on clothing or tools. They reproduce rapidly, leading to quick infestations if not managed.
Root Rot	High	Uncaria plants suffering from root rot will exhibit significant wilting, even when the soil is moist. The leaves will turn yellow and may start to droop and eventually fall off. Upon closer inspection, the roots will appear dark brown or black, mushy, and may emit a foul odor. The base of the stem might also become soft and discolored, indicating the rot has progressed upwards. In severe cases, the entire plant can collapse and die due to the inability of the roots to absorb water and nutrients.	Root rot in Uncaria is primarily caused by overwatering and poor drainage. Fungal pathogens like Pythium and Phytophthora thrive in waterlogged soil. When the potting mix remains saturated for extended periods, these fungi infect the roots, leading to their decay. Inadequate aeration of the soil also contributes to the problem, as it creates an environment favorable for fungal growth.

Disease / Pest	Solution	Prevention	Treatment
Powdery Mildew	To treat powdery mildew on Uncaria, remove and dispose of heavily infected parts of the plant. Improve air circulation by spacing plants apart and pruning if necessary. Apply a fungicide specifically labeled for powdery mildew. Options include neem oil, baking soda spray (1 tablespoon baking soda, 1 teaspoon horticultural oil, and 1 gallon of water), or commercial fungicides containing potassium bicarbonate or sulfur. Spray thoroughly, covering all affected areas. Repeat applications every 7-14 days, or as needed, until the infection is controlled. Ensure the plant is healthy and not stressed.	Prevent powdery mildew on Uncaria by ensuring good air circulation around the plant. Avoid overcrowding and prune any dense foliage that restricts airflow. Water at the base of the plant to keep leaves dry. If planting outdoors, choose a location with good sun exposure. Indoors, ensure adequate light. Promptly remove any initial signs of the disease to prevent widespread infection. Maintaining a healthy plant under optimal conditions is the best defense.	Horticultural Baking Soda Spray (DIY)
Mealybugs	To combat mealybugs on Uncaria, start by physically removing as many as possible with a cotton swab dipped in rubbing alcohol. For persistent infestations, a horticultural oil or neem oil spray can be effective. Mix the oil with water and a few drops of mild soap according to product instructions and spray generously, ensuring to cover all affected areas, especially the leaf axils where they hide. Repeat applications every 7-10 days until the infestation is gone. Insecticidal soaps are also a good option. Ensure thorough coverage for best results.	Prevent mealybug infestations on Uncaria by regularly inspecting your plant for any signs of pests. Isolate new plants before introducing them to your collection to ensure they are pest-free. Maintain good air circulation around your Uncaria by pruning dense foliage if necessary. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can lead to lush growth that attracts pests. Promptly address any spotting of mealybugs, even if minimal, to prevent them from establishing a significant population.	Neem Oil Spray
Leaf Spot	To manage leaf spot on Uncaria, remove and destroy any severely affected leaves to prevent further spread. Improve air circulation by spacing plants appropriately and, if necessary, pruning dense foliage. Avoid overhead watering; instead, water at the base of the plant to keep the foliage dry. Fungicides containing copper or captan can be effective in controlling fungal leaf spot. Apply as per product instructions, ensuring complete coverage of the leaves. For bacterial leaf spots, sanitation is key, and copper fungicides may offer some control.	Prevent leaf spot on Uncaria by ensuring good air circulation and avoiding wet foliage. Water your plant at the base rather than overhead. Remove any fallen leaves from around the plant, as these can harbor pathogens. If you have recurring issues, consider using preventative fungicide applications, especially during periods of high humidity or when the plant is stressed. Ensure healthy plant growth through proper care to increase its natural resistance.	Southern Ag Liquid Copper Fungicide
Spider Mites	To treat spider mite infestations on Uncaria, begin by thoroughly washing the plant with a strong stream of water to physically dislodge the mites. Increase the humidity around the plant by misting regularly or placing it on a pebble tray filled with water. For more stubborn infestations, apply horticultural oil or neem oil spray. Mix the product according to label directions and spray the entire plant, paying close attention to the undersides of the leaves where mites often hide. Repeat applications every 5-7 days until the infestation is cleared. Insecticidal soaps can also be effective.	Prevent spider mites on your Uncaria by maintaining adequate humidity levels. Misting the leaves regularly or placing the plant near a humidifier can help. Regularly inspect your plant for any signs of webbing or stippling on the leaves. Wipe down the leaves with a damp cloth periodically to remove any dust and potential mite eggs. Acclimatize new plants separately before integrating them into your collection to ensure they are pest-free.	Monterey Horticultural Oil
Root Rot	To treat root rot in Uncaria, first, remove the plant from its pot and carefully inspect the roots. Trim away any rotten, black, or mushy roots with sterile pruning shears. Repot the plant in a well-draining potting mix, such as a blend of peat moss, perlite, and orchid bark. Ensure the pot has adequate drainage holes. Reduce watering frequency, allowing the soil to dry out slightly between waterings. Fungicides specifically targeting root rot can be applied as a soil drench, following product instructions carefully. Sanitize the pot and tools before reuse.	Prevent root rot by ensuring excellent drainage for your Uncaria. Use a well-aerated potting mix and a pot with drainage holes. Water only when the top inch or two of soil feels dry to the touch, avoiding overwatering. Good air circulation around the plant can also help the soil dry out faster. Avoid letting the plant sit in a saucer of water. Regularly check the roots for any signs of stress and adjust watering habits accordingly.	Bonide Copper Fungicide

5 known issues for Uncaria

12.Uncaria — Conservation & Legal Notes

IUCN Conservation Status	NE (Not Evaluated)
Habitat Threat Level	Not Evaluated — Not yet assessed by IUCN
Collection Ethics	Wild collection restricted; use cultivated sources only
Sustainable Harvesting	Cultivated stock preferred; leaf harvesting from mature plants (3+ years) with partial cut technique preserving growth point
Wild Collection Advisory	Commercial cultivation widely established; wild collection unnecessary for most applications

13.Uncaria — Advantages of Growing

How useful is — How useful is this definition? In chapter, we review the phytochemistry and pharmacological attributes of _U. rhynchophylla_, with a focus on the neuroprotective activity of the plant. In vitro and in vivo studies have provided strong evidence that the bioactive compounds present in _U. rhynchophylla_ may potentially be useful in treating neuronal disorders through different modes of action.
Aesthetic appeal — Adds useful foliage, flowers, form, or texture.
Practical care — Responds well to steady light, drainage, and watering.
Collection value — Improves botanical diversity.
Educational use — Helps compare family, genus, species, and habit.
Container potential — Can often be managed in containers with drainage.
Seasonal interest — Shows changes in growth, flowering, or rest.
Maintenance clarity — Clear routines reduce care mistakes.
Editorial value — Supports a complete plant page.

14.Uncaria — Quality Control & Authentication

Marker Compounds	Rhynchophylline, Corynantheine, Uncarine F, Mitraphylline.
Pharmacopoeial Standards	Refer to USP, EP, JP, or national pharmacopoeias for specific monographs.
Shelf-life Notes	Typically 2-3 years under proper storage conditions.

15.Uncaria — Frequently Asked Questions

16.Uncaria — References & Datasets

External Databases

Plants of the World Online (Kew)	Visit
World Flora Online	Visit
IUCN Red List	Visit
PubMed	Visit
Dr. Duke's Phytochemical Database (USDA)	Visit

Data sourced from Flora Medical Global research database. Last updated: check plant page header.

Reviewed by the Flora Medical Global Botanical Review Panel

Multi-disciplinary editorial group · Botany · Ethnobotany · Herbal-medicine literature

Who reviewed this: This page was checked by the Flora Medical Global Botanical Review Panel — an in-house editorial group of botany graduates, ethnobotany researchers, and horticulture practitioners who collectively maintain our 7,000+ plant encyclopedia. Meet the team.

Our 4-step verification process

1. Taxonomic verification
Scientific names and synonyms cross-checked against Kew POWO, World Flora Online, and The Plant List.
2. Phytochemical & medicinal cross-reference
Active compounds, traditional uses, and reported activities are cross-referenced with PubMed, USDA Dr. Duke's database, and peer-reviewed ethnobotanical literature.
3. Conservation & distribution check
Distribution, ecology, and conservation status confirmed against GBIF occurrence records and the IUCN Red List.
4. Editorial & safety review
Every entry passes an editorial pass for clarity, originality, and safety notices (toxicity, contraindications, dosage caveats) before publication.

Last reviewed: June 28, 2026

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Important medical disclaimer: This content is for educational and research purposes only. It is not medical advice and is not a substitute for consultation with a licensed healthcare provider. Do not use any herb to self-treat a medical condition without professional guidance.

Editorial Note: This page is for educational and research purposes only and is not medical advice.

Written by: Flora Medical Global Editorial Team

Reviewed by: Flora Medical Global Botanical Review Panel

Last Updated: June 28, 2026

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Uncaria — quick answer